<p>P.S. 157 is a historic school building located at 327 St. Nicholas Avenue between West 126th and West 127th Streets in the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was built from 1896 to 1899 and was designed by C. B. J. Snyder in the Renaissance Revival style. It ceased being a school in 1975, and was converted to rental apartments in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>P.S. 157 &ndash; "P.S." stands for "Public School" &ndash; signified a philosophical change in school design from what the Real Estate Record and Guide described as a tradition of "the school life of a child as a grinding, manufacturing process to which the factory style of building is eminently suitable." In 1891 Snyder took over as chief architect for the city&#39;s schools from George Debevois, whose buildings the Guide called "warehouses" that were a "civic disgrace." Work on the school began in 1896, and it opened in 1899 to 1,974 students in 45 classrooms.</p><br>
<p>Unlike Debevois "factories", P.S. 157s design is derived from French and Flemish civic architecture. The limestone, brick and terra cotta building features dormers and a red tile roof, and could pass for a group of row houses if it was smaller in scale.</p><br>
<p>The building functioned as a school until 1975, when it became vacant, and was subject to vandalism. The drive to rehabilitate the building and covert it into apartments for low- and middle-income families began in the late 1970s, led by New York states Harlem Urban Development Corporation and the citys Department of Housing, Preservation and Development. Work began on the project c.1989 and was completed in 1993. The building now consists of 73 rental apartments, some of them rent stabilized, on five floors.</p><br>
<p>P.S. 157 was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 10, 1982.</p><br>
<p>The Teutonia Männerchor Hall is a historic American building that is located in the Deutschtown neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1888, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Teutonia Männerchor was founded in 1854 as an offspring of an organization called “Liederkranz” founded in 1851 by Rev. Karl R. Weiterhausen. Later, the Liederkranz became the Freier Männerchor and then the Teutonia Männerchor. The name Teutonia is in reference to one of the oldest German Tribes. The Teutonia Männerchor is a part of the Pittsburgh district of the Nord-Amerikanischer Sängerbund.</p><br>
<p>The first meetings were held in the basement of an old Lutheran Church on Canal Street in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1882, the chorus practiced in Dahlingers Hall at 121 Madison Avenue in Pittsburgh. The chorus then moved to the old Masonic Hall in Old Allegheny City. Under President Henry Bergman, the property of St. Peters Church on Pike Street was purchased on February 28, 1887 (Later renamed Phineas Street). The Charter of Incorporation was approved on April 9, 1887, and the present building was built.</p><br>
<p>The land for the building cost $5,000, and the building was erected for $8,800. The architect was George Ott and the contractor Stipecke Brothers. "Fachwerk", a distinctive type of German architecture, was used for the exterior of the building. This traditional theme has been maintained inside and out to the present day.</p><br>
<p>The first meeting in the Hall was held on July 15, 1888. The Hall&#39;s official dedication took place on October 15, 1888. The decorations were furnished by the Joseph Horne Company of Pittsburgh. Initiation fees were set at $5.00 and dues at $3.00 per year.</p><br>
<p>The 50th Anniversary of Teutonia was celebrated in grand style on September 26 & 27, 1904, including a parade through the North Side of Pittsburgh.</p><br>
<p>In 1934, the first floor (or basement) was remodeled. Most of the work was done without compensation by members, and it became a Ratskeller in true German style. In its 80th anniversary year, the organization amended its constitution to honor members of 25 years of service with an honorary “Life Member” membership: This practice continues today. In 1947 the club purchased two adjoining houses to accommodate additions to the Hall, for which $27,000.00 was expended for improvements.</p><br>
<p>The 100-year Centennial was celebrated in 1954, and on May 16 that year a banquet was held in the upper Sängerhall as well as a concert at Pittsburgh&#39;s Carnegie Music Hall on Saturday, June 12, 1954. At the time there were 897 members, including 65 singers in the Male Chorus and 45 singers in the Ladies Chorus.</p><br>
<p>In 1979, Teutonia celebrated its 125th anniversary, and Seven German Coats of Arms were donated to the club. The crests designate various areas of Germany and are now permanent fixtures on the walls of the upstairs Sängerhall.</p><br>
<p>Many improvements were made during the 1980s and 1990s. All outside walls were restored, air conditioning was added to the upstairs Sängerhall and kitchen, and bar equipment was replaced. In very recent years members have erected an outdoor Biergarten adjacent to the structure to enhance the club&#39;s social gathering opportunities.</p><br>
<p>DistinguishSpringfield School District </p><br>
<p>The Springfield Public School located in the Strip District neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was built in 1872 and closed in 1934. After closing it served as a warehouse. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The school was built in 1871–72. At the time, Pittsburghs public schools were organized into sub-districts which were generally coterminous with the citys political wards, though some of the larger wards had multiple sub-districts. The O&#39;Hara sub-district, which served the 12th Ward or present-day Strip District from about 19th Street to 31st Street, had a large number of students and was split in 1870 to create the Springfield sub-district. A temporary school, which students nicknamed "the Shanty", opened in September, 1870. Work began on a permanent school the following year with a cornerstone laying ceremony on June 28, 1871, and the new school opened in September, 1872.</p><br>
<p>The Springfield School served a crowded, working-class immigrant neighborhood which was considered a "problem section" by social reformers. As a result, the school was a center for various educational and social programs. As the Pittsburgh Press described it in 1895,</p><br>
<p>In 1893, one of Pittsburghs first kindergartens opened at the Springfield School. It was also one of the first Pittsburgh schools to adopt the sloyd manual training curriculum popularized in Sweden, with classes beginning in 1894. In 1911, the local Council of Jewish Women inaugurated Pittsburghs first "penny lunch" program at the Springfield School, providing hot lunches for a price of one cent per item, which was affordable for low-income students. After the success of this program, Pittsburgh Public Schools rolled out district-wide school lunches beginning in 1914. The Springfield School also offered night school classes and had its own branch of the Carnegie Library.</p><br>
<p>As the Strip District became more industrial in character, enrollment at the Springfield School declined from around 400 in 1894 to only 113 in 1934. That year, the Pittsburgh school board voted to close the school as a cost-saving measure. The students were reassigned to the Lawrence and O&#39;Hara elementary schools and the Arsenal kindergarten. After closing, the building was used as a warehouse by the school district until 1946, when it was sold. It remained in use as a warehouse by later owners including the Crucible Steel Company and a salvage business. The building was converted to condominiums around 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Springfield School is a three-story brick building in the Italianate style. The architect is not known for certain but has been speculated to be Thomas D. Evans (1844–1903), the architect of the Samuel F. B. Morse School on the South Side, based on the similarity between the two buildings.</p><br>
<p>The front elevation is nine bays wide, with a projecting, three-bay center section. The front entrance is set behind a three-arched arcade supported by Corinthian columns. The gable above the main entrance is marked with a datestone bearing the name of the school and the year 1871. The windows were originally arched, with Italianate trim, but were later replaced with rectangular windows. A belfry on top of the building was also removed.</p><br>
<p>The side elevations are five bays wide with slightly projecting stair towers. The rear elevation is similar to the front, though lacking an entrance, and has a tall freestanding chimney.</p><br>
<p>The South Side High School in the South Side Flats neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is a building from 1897. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>In 1977, South High School won its only City Championship in Football, the first and only in any sport. The school was shut down on 14 August 2004; the building was sold as housing to Gregory Development in 2008 for $1.1 million.</p><br>
<p>The Ball–Sellers House, also named the John Ball House, is the oldest building in Arlington County, Virginia. It is an historic home located at 5620 Third Street, South, in the county&#39;s Glencarlyn neighborhood. The Arlington Historical Society, which owns the building, estimates that the one room log cabin was built in the 1740s.</p><br>
<p>In the mid-18th century, yeoman farmer John Ball built a one-room log cabin with a loft in what is now Arlington, Virginia. Later he added a lean-to and covered the structure with clapboard. The cabin is presently the oldest building known to exist in Arlington County. It is a rare example of the dwelling of the ordinary person during the 1700s.</p><br>
<p>John Ball obtained a 166-acre land grant along Four Mile Run from Lord Fairfax in 1742. To construct his cabin, he felled trees and hewed logs. He notched the logs and chinked the cracks with mud daubing. Visitors today can see the original logs with the daubing, as well as the wide plank floors. The rare oak clapboard roof is among only a few board roofs preserved in the nation.</p><br>
<p>John, his wife Elizabeth, and their five daughters lived in this little house. An inventory of Ball&#39;s estate indicates they lived a simple life in the sparsely furnished dwelling. They farmed, raising wheat and corn, and kept sheep, cows, pigs, and bees. Ball also had a mill on Four Mile Run, and part of his mill stones are on display.</p><br>
<p>Following John Ball&#39;s death in 1766, William Carlin, an Alexandria tailor who included George Washington and George Mason among his clients, purchased the house. Three generations of the Carlin family owned the property for more than 100 years. The third generation, brother and sister Andrew and Anne, ran a dairy farm and built the 1885 addition that adjoins the original Ball cabin. They also owned and operated Carlin Springs, a pavilion featuring a restaurant, health springs, and picnic grounds. When the Carlins sold the property in 1887, the land was subdivided into a community known today as Glencarlyn, the oldest subdivision in Arlington. The house survived and was used as a school, a summer cottage, and a home. The last owner, Marian Rhinehart Sellers, gave the house to the Arlington Historical Society in 1975 so that it would be preserved and open to the public. It is open for tours on Saturdays from 1:00-4:00 from April through October.</p><br>
<p>The National Park Service listed the house on the National Register of Historic Places on July 17, 1975. The Arlington County Board designated the building to be a local historic district on October 3, 1978. The countys website states that the building was constructed around 1760. A historical marker near the house, which identifies the structure as the "John Ball House", summarizes the buildings history.</p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church of Blissfield is an active church building located at 306 Franklin Street in the village of Blissfield in Blissfield Township in eastern Lenawee County, Michigan. It was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site on June 11, 1965 and was later added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 3, 1971. It was the second property in the county listed on the National Register after the Walker Tavern.</p><br>
<p>The congregation in Blissfield, which was formally organized on February 29, 1829, is one of the oldest Presbyterian congregations in the state. The church originally held services in the home of Hervey Bliss, one of the village founders, and later in a schoolhouse. The current Greek Revival church was constructed in 1849 at a cost of $2,800 under the ministry of Reverend John Monteith, who was a graduate from the Princeton Theological Seminary. Monteith, along with Gabriel Richard, co-founded what would later become the University of Michigan. Monteith served as the university&#39;s unofficial first president from 1817–1821 after having moved to the Michigan Territory in 1816. He would later move to Blissfield and preach from 1845–1855. During that time, he headed the funding for the construction of the church. The building is the fifth oldest operating Presbyterian church in the state of Michigan and the oldest church in Blissfield.</p><br>
<p>In 1883, the building itself was moved slightly to its current position just north of USA Route 223 near the River Raisin. In 1953, a large addition was added to the church, which greatly changed the appearance of the original church structure.</p><br>
<p>The Cook-Sellers House in Desoto, Mississippi is a historic house built.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house is a one-story wood frame building with a T–plan. The facade has an undercut gallery and an ornamented entry. The front of the gallery is defined by six square columns and square balustrades. The centered steps are inset within the gallery and lead to the door which is flanked by engaged square columns supporting a full entablature. Within this are multi–paned sidelights and transom. The house dates from the arrival of the railroad in DeSoto and is one of two extant homes that predate the American Civil War there. Desoto was one of four principle towns, all on the Chickasawhay River and/or along the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, established in Clarke County before the war.</p><br>
<p>The Cook–Sellers House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 22, 1980, as part of a thematic resource, "Clark County Antebellum Houses".</p><br>
<p>The Sellers House is a historic house at 702 West Center Street in Beebe, Arkansas, United States. It is a single story, with a gabled roof, weatherboard exterior, and brick foundation. Several cross gables project from the roof, including one acting as a porch and porte cochere. The gables show rafter ends in the Craftsman style. The house was built about 1925, and is a particularly picturesque example of the Craftsman style in the city.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The Sellers House is a historic house at 89 Acklin Gap in rural Faulkner County, Arkansas, northeast of Conway. It is a single-story masonry structure, with a gabled roof, fieldstone exterior, and cream-colored brick trim. It has a projecting front porch with arched openings, and its roof has Craftsman-style exposed rafter ends. The house was built about 1940 by Silas Owens, Sr., a noted regional master mason. This house exhibits his hallmarks, which include herringbone patterns in the stonework, cream-colored brick trim, and arched openings.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Sellers Farm was a historic farmstead in Maysville, Arkansas, USA. The main house was a two-story I-house with a rear wing giving it an overall T configuration. The main facade faced west and was covered by a porch that extended the full width on the first floor, and for three of the five bays on the second. There was a front-facing gable above the three center bays. Built c. 1910, it was an example of a little-altered I-house. Outbuildings on the property included a feed barn, chicken house, milk shed and privy. All of the buildings on the property were in Arkansas although the associated land extended into neighboring Oklahoma.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988, at which time most of its outbuildings were described as being i fair-to-poor condition, with the house in good condition, but the house and most, if not all, of the outbuildings have since been destroyed.</p><br>
<p>The Salome Sellers House is a historic house museum at 416 Sunset Road  in Deer Isle, Maine. Its oldest portion dating to the 1770s, the house is locally distinctive as a well-preserved 19th-century Cape, and as the home of Salome Sellers, one of Deer Isle&#39;s longest-lived residents . The house has been a museum property of the Deer Isle-Stonington Historical Society since 1960, and is believed to be the only house of its type in the state that is open as a museum. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Sellers House stands on the east side of Maine Route 15A (Sunset Road) in southern Deer Isle, a short way north of the Island Country Club. It is a -story wood-frame Cape style house, five bays wide, with a side-gable roof, clapboard siding, granite foundation, and a central chimney. A recessed ell extends to the right. The centered entrance is topped by a four-light transom window. The interior follows a typical center-chimney plan, with a narrow entry vestibule with winding staircase, parlor and dining room to the sides of the chimney, and kitchen behind, with bedrooms in the rear corners and in the upper half story. Woodwork is relatively simple, except in the parlor, where there are some Greek Revival touches, and the kitchen fireplace includes a Dutch oven. Floors are of pine, and the walls are plastered or simply wallpapered. The ell includes a summer kitchen and a toolshed.</p><br>
<p>The ell was the first portion of the house to be built, dating to between 1772 and 1817. The main house frame was erected in 1830 by a man named Judkins for Joseph Sellers, who owned the house and finished it. The house remained in the Sellers family until it was sold to the historical society in 1961. For most of that period it was home to Salome Sellers, a noted local personality who died in 1909 at the age of 108, and was one of the community&#39;s most long-lived residents. The house includes original Sellers furnishings and artifacts, and has retained much of its original construction, including hand-blown glass window panes and woodwork. The house has undergone major rehabilitative work in 1960 and 2000.</p><br>
<p>The Burke Building in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania is a building from 1836. It was Pittsburghs first major office building and a major anchor of the citys financial district centered on Fourth Avenue. Since the 1845 Great Fire burned over a thousand buildings, it is the city&#39;s only remaining large Greek Revival building. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Butler Street Gatehouse at Allegheny Cemetery in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania was built 1848 in the Gothic Revival style by John Chislett, Pittsburgh&#39;s first well-known architect and the founder of the cemetery. A chapel and offices, designed by Henry Moser, were added in 1870.</p><br>
<p>The gatehouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. The entire Allegheny Cemetery was listed on the National Register in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Fulton Farm, also known as "River Bend Farm," is a historic farmstead in Shelby County, Ohio, United States. Located on the southern side of the city of Sidney, the farm is composed of five buildings spread out over an area of approximately 2 acre. Built primarily in 1848,</p><br>
<p>Prominent farmer Isaac Fulton built the one-and-one-half story farmhouse and other buildings for his wife, the former Jane Taylor, soon after their 1848 wedding. The construction, which was not finished until 1850, was almost entirely Fultons work; he even made the bricks by himself. Fulton used an unusual floor plan; the houses footprint is asymmetrical, and its windows are a mix of trabeated and traditional Gothic Revival styles. A rectangle large enough to support the entire house would measure approximately 50 ft by 42 ft.</p><br>
<p>In 1979, the Fulton Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It qualified for inclusion on the Register because of its impact on two different areas of local history: its well-preserved historic architecture and its place in the development of agriculture in central Shelby County.</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie Free Library of Allegheny is situated in the Allegheny Center neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was commissioned in 1886, the first Carnegie library to be commissioned in the United States. Donated to the public by entrepreneur Andrew Carnegie, it was built from 1886 to 1890 on a design by John L. Smithmeyer and Paul J. Pelz.</p><br>
<p>The library and musical conservatory was built of red and grey granite from Maine. The contractor was Vinalhaven, Maine&#39;s Bodwell Granite Company, which had furnished granite for major public works including the State, War and Navy Department building in Washington, DC., now called the Eisenhower Executive Office Building.</p><br>
<p>It did not open until 1890 thus making it the second Carnegie library to open. The first one to open being the Carnegie Free Library of Braddock, built for steel-workers in Braddock, 9 miles up the Monongahela River from Pittsburgh.</p><br>
<p>The building also features the first Carnegie Music Hall in the United States. The Music Hall at the Braddock Library would not open until an 1893 expansion of that structure.</p><br>
<p>The running costs were met from local taxes – unlike the Carnegie Library in Braddock, which received an endowment from Carnegie.</p><br>
<p>After a mid-2000s lightning strike, the library was moved to a new building a few blocks north on Federal Street. Following the move, the New Hazlett Theater was the primary tenant. In April 2019, the Children&#39;s Museum of Pittsburgh opened Museum Lab, a makerspace for youth aged 10+.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>The Alex Halone House in Thermopolis, Wyoming, United States, was built by Finnish immigrant Alex Halone for his personal residence in 1909–1910. Halone, a stonemason, built several stone structures in Thermopolis. Three generations of the Halone family were stonemasons. The grounds include a log Finnish sauna built by Alex and Eugene Halone with assistance from Lauri Suikaonen in 1946–51.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Halone started the house in 1909, digging a 12 ft by 12 ft basement with sandstone walls and a temporary roof, in which he and his family lived that winter. The next year he built the two–story house, 27.5 ft by 27.5 ft in rock-faced ashlar sandstone. Details were executed in travertine, locally found in the terraces of thermal springs. Over time a series of porches and dependent structures were built, sometimes as advertisements of Halone&#39;s skill with stonework. A chimney on the east side of the house uses slate, pink granite and sandstone, and incorporates a balcony and a window.</p><br>
<p>A variety of porches were added by Halone, while the rear was raised from one to two stories. During the 1920s Halone altered the house to accommodate renters. Other contributing structures include a garage from the 1920s, a barn, and the sauna, which is noted on the National Register nomination as "exceptionally significant." Non-contributing structures include a picnic shelter, a well, a fish pond and bridge and an outdoor grill. While considered non-contributing to the historic designation, these elements are sympathetic in design and material to the historic structures.</p><br>
<h2>Alex Halone</h2><br>
<p>Alex Halone was born on 18 June 1877 in Finland, the son of granite cutter Anti Halonen and his wife Anna Liisa Karkkainen. He learned his trade from his father and emigrated to the United States in 1904, leaving behind a wife and child. Some time after he arrived at Ellis Island in 1904 he changed his name to "Halone." He first worked at a stone quarry in Quincy, Massachusetts, then moved to Valparaiso, Indiana, where he enrolled in night classes at Valparaiso University and learned English. He moved to Thermopolis, which impressed him with its hot springs and natural setting. Halone filed a homestead claim for 160 acres of land outside Thermopolis and planted it in crops. He excavated a dugout for his family, for whom he sent instructions to join him in Wyoming. The homestead expanded to 640 acres, encompassing a quarry from which Halone obtained building stone. At the same time he purchased property in Thermopolis for his house in town.</p><br>
<p>Halone built the house in 1909–1910. He became politically active in the local miners union while working as a miner from time to time at Gebo, Wyoming. He eventually became president of the union. During World War II he worked as a stonemason on Army installations in Alaska. Halones work in Thermopolis included the Emery Hotel and Skinner Building (both now demolished) and the stonework on the Hot Springs County Courthouse. He built perhaps seven houses in Gebo, two of which are still standing, and the Mondell Park Fountain in Hot Springs State Park. In 1923 Halone built the base for the statue of Buffalo Bill in Cody, Wyoming. Alex and his son Eugene worked together from 1928 to 1935, doing stonemasonry at Yellowstone, Grand Canyon and Sequoia National Parks. They built the fireplaces at the Old Faithful (upper store) and Fishing Bridge Hamilton&#39;s Stores in Yellowstone.</p><br>
<p>Alex Halone, still in good health at 82, was struck by a car and died in 1959.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Halone House reflects Alex Halone&#39;s artistry in stonework, with a variety of fanciful masonry treatments. At its core, the house is an approximately square two–story house, built in square sandstone, with a hipped roof. To the front, a porch has been added in very rough travertine stone with a rubble jack arch over the front door. A garage flanks the porch to the left. On the east side of the house is a stacked and squared chimney extending the height of the first floor, supporting an enclosed balcony. The flue extends between two windows from the main house looking on top the balcony. From the top of the balcony rises a tapering stucco flue studded with rubble. The rear of the house is capped by a second-story addition, clad in shingles. The west side is rough in appearance and was apparently considered a secondary elevation.</p><br>
<h3>Sauna</h3><br>
<p>The log sauna was built late in Alex Halone&#39;s life over several years with the help of his son Eugene and a fellow Finnish immigrant, Lauri Suikaonen. The 1½ story building houses the sauna room under the flat-roofed section and a dressing room under an upstairs room. The sauna represents a significant aspect of Finnish immigrant life, and is one of only two examples of its kind in Wyoming.</p><br>
<p>The Halone House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>The Van Wert Bandstand is a historic gazebo in Van Wert, a city in the far western portion of the USA state of Ohio. Built in 1874,</p><br>
<p>Besides its unusual design, the bandstand is significant for its place in local history. In the 1870s, such structures fulfilled the role of the third place in many communities such as Van Wert: they hosted political rallies, served as community bulletin boards, and became the starting points for citywide parades and musical events. Because of its role in the community, the bandstand has been relocated multiple times: After more than seventy years at the fairgrounds, the bandstand was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, both because of its distinctive architecture and because of its place in local history. It has not remained in this location — ten years after its addition to the Register, the bandstand was again moved; this time, it was placed on the grounds of the Van Wert County Historical Society Museum, where it remains today. Although structures that have been moved from their original locations are generally not eligible for inclusion on the National Register, an exception was made for the Van Wert Bandstand: its architecture and craftmanship have been exceptionally well preserved, and it is the only historic bandstand still in existence in rural western Ohio.</p><br>
<p>The Keene Springs Hotel is a rambling wood-frame, two-story Greek Revival-style building built in sections in 1841 by Mason Singleton Jr. in the hamlet of Keene, near Nicholasville, Kentucky in Jessamine County. He and his wife Nancy owned and operated the hotel and tavern as a resort destination for the white sulphur springs nearby. During the cholera epidemic of 1848–1849 and outbreaks in the early 1850s, residents of Lexington came to the hotel to try to escape the spread of disease in the city. The Singletons operated the hotel until 1857, when they sold it to Alfred McTyre.</p><br>
<p>After the American Civil War, tourist travel decreased because of the poor economy. F.S. Wilson purchased the hotel in 1868 and operated it as a boarding house through the end of the century. In the 20th century until the 1960s, Wilson family descendants used the structure as a general store and residence.</p><br>
<p>The hotel is privately owned. A lessee operates a restaurant three days a week and is gradually restoring the building. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 5, 1984.</p><br>
<p>This is closed now</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The hotel and tavern were associated with two periods, the development of Jessamine County from 1825 to 1849 and 1850 to 1874. Mason Singleton Jr. and his wife Nancy (Lafon) Singleton had the hotel built to attract travelers. The main part was styled as a Greek Revival wood-frame house. A two-story extension with additional rooms was added to the west.</p><br>
<p>During the 1840s and 1850s, the hotel attracted residents from Lexington, about five miles to the northeast, as a resort destination. The discovery of white sulphur water nearby about 1848 increased its desirability as a destination. Visitors came for what were believed to be the medicinal qualities of the springs. The hotel and tavern were part of the growth of facilities in the region to house tourists as well as commercial travelers along the major county roads. Captain G. L. Postlethwait was noted as its congenial host.</p><br>
<p>The nineteenth century had been marked by periodic outbreaks of epidemics of cholera and other infectious diseases, often carried by travelers on the major river systems. It was transmitted through water contaminated by the poor sanitation of the time. During the cholera epidemic of 1848–1849 and outbreaks in the early 1850s, people fled Lexington to stay at the Keene Springs Hotel and other outlying facilities. They hoped to escape the spread of disease in the city, as the cholera transmission vector was not then understood.</p><br>
<p>In 1857 the Singletons sold their property to A. McTyre and migrated to Texas by wagon. McTyre sold it to F.S. Wilson in 1868 after the American Civil War, when the hotel failed as a resort. It was operated for many years as a boarding house, known as The Maples for the trees in front of its main entrance on SR 1267. In the twentieth century, the Wilson family used the structure as a residence, with a general store, known as Wilson&#39;s, in the ground floor. Men in the community regularly gathered there to do business and exchange stories. The building is still owned by Wilson family descendants.</p><br>
<p>The hotel is listed among Kentucky historic sites; highway marker #1671 is posted in front on KY 1267 (also known as Keene-Troy Pike to the west of 169 and S. Elkhorn Road to the east). The building is at the northwest corner of the junction with Kentucky Route 169 (also called Pinchard Pike to the north of KY 1267). On July 5, 1984, the hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Singletons were each descendants of early pioneers in the county who had migrated from Virginia shortly before 1800. Mason&#39;s father, Mason Singleton Sr., came at age 8 with his parents Manoah and Sarah Craig Singleton as part of "The Travelling Church" of 500-600 Baptist and their slaves led in 1781 by Rev. Lewis Craig and Captain William Ellis from Spotsylvania County, Virginia to Kentucky. Mason Sr. built an L-shaped compact brick house in Jessamine County in 1810, which is still standing. The Lafon family were descended from French Huguenot immigrants, who settled in Virginia in 1700 above the falls of the James River.</p><br>
<p>In 1858 the Singletons migrated from Kentucky to Texas by wagons, taking with them the ten of their fifteen children still living at home, ranging in age from 23 to 6 years old. They first settled in Burnet County where Nancy Lafon Singleton died in 1862. Mason Jr. married three more times in succession, each time after he was widowed. He settled with sons in Travis County, closer to Austin, which became the capital.</p><br>
<p>As of June 2009, the Keene Springs Hotel is privately owned and used as a residence. The owners lease some of the space for a restaurant that provides home-style dinners three days a week.</p><br>
<p>St. John&#39;s Catholic Church, built in 1915, is a historic Carpenter Gothic style Roman Catholic church building located in Paxton, Dickens Township near Dallas, South Dakota, United States. Its steep roof, lancet windows and belfry and entrance are typical of Carpenter Gothic churches. In 1973 it was closed but a year later it was given to a group of former parishioners who agreed to maintain it and its adjoining cemetery. The church and the cemetery are the only remnants of the former community of Paxton.</p><br>
<p>On November 20, 2009, the church was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Aurora, also known as Aurora Hotel, is a hotel built in 1917 on Stolp Island in Aurora, Illinois, United States.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1915, a group of businessmen in Aurora, Illinois determined that the city required a first-class hotel. They formed the Aurora Island Hotel Corporation to oversee the project; it was a branch of the Aurora Island Development Corporation. The site chosen was previously a mill race and swimming hole. Construction on the eight-story building began in 1916. It was the first skyscraper on Stolp Island, Aurora&#39;s downtown. The 135-room hotel was opened for business on July 14, 1917. Edwin C. Faber, the general manager of the Chicago Aurora and Elgin Railroad, was the president of the hotel. The structure was designed by H. Ziegler Dietz and built by George W. Caldwell of Caldwell & Marshall. Harry H. Dunbar took over operations in 1919. In 1928, he sold it to William O. Gosselin, who was in the process of building the Leland Hotel on the island. On June 3, 1982, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service. On September 10, 1986, it was listed as a contributing property to the Stolp Island Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The hotel is rectangular in shape. The exterior is brick and Indiana limestone. There is a light court in the west facade, creating an indentation. The building is roughly 70 x. The first floor is a limestone piano nobile, while the other floor exteriors are mostly brick. A stone course above the second story separates it from the other floors. The east and west facade feature five bays of windows (three are doubled), while the north and south feature seven (five doubled). On the west facade, which faces the Fox River, a two-story porch is cantilevered over the river. Entrances on Galena Boulevard and Stolp Avenue feature double cut limestone balconies with stone balustrades. The Stolp Avenue entrance leads to the main lobby. Inside, the lobby features a pink Tennessee marble floor with a Tennessee dark timber base. Fluted columns are made of black walnut. A grand staircase leads to a second floor mezzanine. The building is supported by reinforced concrete columns with flat slab construction.</p><br>
<h2>North Island Apartments</h2><br>
<p>After falling into disrepair, a community effort led to its renovation in 1996 as apartments for senior citizens, and the building&#39;s name was changed to the North Island Apartments.</p><br>
<p>The Graham Building is a 1926 Prairie style building on Stolp Island in Aurora, Illinois. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. Also, it is a contributing property in a historic district.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Graham Building was designed by George Grant Elmslie, a leading student of Louis Sullivan. It was one of five buildings Elmslie designed in Aurora, Illinois. The Graham Building is the tallest of the buildings he designed for the city. William Graham was a contractor who commissioned the building. He immigrated from Nova Scotia, Canada in the 1890s. He owned this building until his death in the 1950s. The National Park Service listed it on the National Register of Historic Places on March 19, 1982. On September 10, 1986, it was listed as a contributing property to the Stolp Island Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The eight-story building was designed the Prairie School architectural style. It is trapezoidal in shape, and is built with steel-reinforced concrete. The exterior is brick in a stretcher bond, with a polished granite first floor street facade. Casement windows with transoms are wood-framed. Windows on the side facades are standard double-hung windows. Little effort was put into the side facade because it was thought that other office buildings would soon be built adjacent to it. Entry doors are recessed 4 ft from the edge of the openings. The main facades at Stolp Avenue and the Fox River feature decorative terracotta and brick coursing designs below the second story windows.</p><br>
<p>The Supreme Court Building in San Juan, Puerto Rico is an architecturally significant Modern-style building and the seat of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. It was built in 1955 and listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 2006. Its modern architecture reflects changes to the Court after the establishment of Puerto Ricos new Commonwealth Status in 1952. The main façade is oriented toward the sites of the other two governments branches: the Capitol and La Fortaleza .</p><br>
<p>It is a concrete building designed by Puerto Rican firm Toro-Ferrer with design consultation by Charles H. Warner Jr. and Harold Eliot Leeds. The building projects over a reflecting pool, helping it to blend with the park surroundings in Luis Muñoz Rivera Park.</p><br>
<p>The court building was opened in 1956 with USA Supreme Court chief justice Earl Warren as the main speaker. The building has been described as "extroverted...light and airy". Its circular courtroom was a unique element meant to symbolize the equality of people.</p><br>
<p>The Supreme Court in Puerto Rico is the highest court in the commonwealth, and is the successor to court first established by the Spanish in 1832.</p><br>
<p>The Bredeick–Lang House  is a historic house on the western  side of Delphos, Ohio, United States. Built in 1859, A brick building with iron elements, it has seen few changes since the time of its construction, thus retaining its mid-nineteenth-century appearance to the present time.</p><br>
<p>In 1982, the Bredeick–Lang House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places because of its well preserved historic architecture. Two other Delphos buildings – both of which lie on the Allen County side of the city – are listed on the National Register. Unlike the Bredeick–Lang House, neither of the other buildings features Italianate architecture: St. John&#39;s Catholic Church is a Romanesque Revival structure, while the Marks-Family House is a Queen Anne building.</p><br>
<p>The Fells, also known as the Hay Estate, was originally the summer home of John Milton Hay, a 19th-century American statesman. It is located in Newbury, New Hampshire, on New Hampshire Route 103A, 2.2 mi  north of its junction with New Hampshire Route 103.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John Hay served the United States in various capacities in a career that lasted over 40 years. He was Abraham Lincoln&#39;s private secretary during the Civil War and later a diplomat and a journalist. He became United States Secretary of State in 1898, serving in that position until his death in 1905.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1880s New Hampshire farms were becoming less profitable, due to more Western competition. As a result, the state of New Hampshire stepped in and encouraged Americas wealthy elite to buy up the farms and keep them afloat. In 1888, Hay bought 1,000 acre along the shore of Lake Sunapee, with the hope of establishing a summer colony for his group of friends, known as the "Five of Hearts". After Henry Adams wife, Clover, committed suicide, Hay reconsidered those plans. Instead, he used the land as a retreat to put distance between him and the stresses of Washington. Hay named his property "The Fells", a British term for a rocky upland pasture, due to his Scottish ancestry.</p><br>
<h3>House</h3><br>
<p>The first cottage on the property was constructed in 1891 under the direction of architect George Hammond. In 1897, a second guest cottage was added beside the original. The main entrance of the primary cottage faced the lake, as the Hay family arrived by boat. After Hay&#39;s death in 1905, the property was handed down to his son, Clarence Hay. Clarence and his wife Alice (née: Appleton) began to transform the rustic summer cottages into more of a lakeside mansion. Starting in 1915, under the supervision of local architect Prentice Sanger, Clarence and Alice had the house renovated into the Colonial Revival style. The breezeway connecting the two cottages was transformed into a formal hallway, so that the two cottages became part of one house. A garage was later added to accommodate the growing use of automobiles.</p><br>
<p>In 1960 the Hays donated 675 acre to the Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests. After Clarence Hay died in 1969, Alice Hay gave the remaining 164 acre to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, reserving 143 acre for use during her lifetime and that of her children. Alice continued returning each summer until her death in 1987. The remaining land then became the John Hay National Wildlife Refuge. Renovation of the house and land began in the 1990s. In 1996, "The Fells", a not-for-profit organization, was created to manage the house and surrounding lands. In 2008, The Fells bought the lands surrounding the main house from the Fish and Wildlife Service, through a land swap at Lake Umbagog in Coös County, New Hampshire.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as an important early example of the summer estate movement of the late 19th century in New Hampshire, and for its association with Hay, a leading politician and diplomat, at the height of his career. The Fells is where John Hay wrote the Open Door Policy, which rejected colonizing China. Teddy Roosevelt visited The Fells in the summer of 1902, during a campaign trip. A maple tree was planted in what is now the veranda, during his visit. The tree is now referred to as the Roosevelt Tree.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>Today, The Fells is maintained by a large group of volunteers, as well as a garden staff and administrators. The house and surrounding lands are still open to the public. The Fells hosts many cultural and educational events.</p><br>
<h2>John Hay National Wildlife Refuge</h2><br>
<p>Established in 1987 for migratory bird conservation, the John Hay National Wildlife Refuge was split in 2008. The northern two-thirds of the property (containing the buildings and surrounding grounds) was transferred to The Fells in that year in exchange for lands in northern New Hampshire which were added to the Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge.</p><br>
<p>The remaining one-third of the property continues as the John Hay National Wildlife Refuge, comprising 80 acre of hardwoods and softwoods, a small meadow, Beech Brook, fens, and vernal pools. Management is focused on resource conservation, primarily for migratory birds and native habitats. The refuge also protects approximately 3,100 ft of undeveloped shoreline along Lake Sunapee.</p><br>
<p>The refuge is open to the public year-round during daylight hours. Recommended activities include wildlife observation and photography, and environmental education and interpretation. The 0.9 mi John Hay II Forest Ecology Trail offers a self-guided hike through the forest and along the shore of Lake Sunapee. Parking is at The Fells.</p><br>
<p>The Leipsic Village Hall was a historic village and township hall in the village of Leipsic in the northwestern part of the USA state of Ohio. Built in 1904, For a community as small as Leipsic , it was a very elaborate building: the tower was crowned with battlements, and corbelling was used to support a significant portion of the roofline. At one time, the building served a wide range of municipal purposes: besides meeting rooms for elected village and township leaders, it contained space for a jail, the fire station, a community center, municipal offices, a library, and the mayor&#39;s courtroom.</p><br>
<p>In 1979, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the "Leipsic City Hall," even though Ohio law provides that communities with fewer than five thousand residents are villages. Designation as a historic site on the federal level does not affect the rights of property owners, including their right to demolish the property; therefore, the village of Leipsic has been able to destroy the building. Although the site of the village hall is now occupied by a parking lot, the building remains listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The George P. MacNichol House, also known as the Ford-MacNichol House, is a house located at 2610 Biddle Avenue in Wyandotte, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1973 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The house is currently used as the main historic house museum of Wyandotte Museums. The Marx House is also owned by the Museums and used for art exhibits and community meeting space.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Edward Ford (also the builder of the Ford-Bacon House across the street) was the son of glass pioneer John Baptiste Ford and the founder of the Michigan Alkali Company in Wyandotte and the Ford Plate Glass Company in Toledo, Ohio, (later the Libbey–Owens–Ford Company). In 1896, Ford hired Malcomson & Higginbotham to design this home as wedding gift for his daughter Laura on her marriage to George P. MacNichol. MacNichol was a medical doctor, but was active in research and development work for both the Ford Plate Glass Company and the Michigan Alkali Company. The couple lived in the house for seven years before moving to Toledo to be closer to family.</p><br>
<p>After the MacNichols moved, the house was purchased by Jeremiah Drennen, a local lawyer. The Drennen family owned the house until the 1970s, when it was purchased by Yvonne Latta. Latta restored the house, and in 1977, it was purchased by the city of Wyandotte.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The George P. MacNichol House is a two-and-one-half-story wood-framed rectangular-plan gabled Queen Anne house. It has 32 rooms and 6600 feet of interior space, with 6 fireplaces, 65 windows, and 53 doors. The roof and gables are steeply pitched. The front facade features a one-story wraparound porch with Tuscan columns and under-eave latticework, and a corner turret with conical roof. Most of the house is sheathed in clapboards, with the gable ends and upper portion of the tower covered in shingles.</p><br>
<p>The house is significant as an example of the residential architecture of the firm of Malcomson & Higginbotham, and for the houses association with some of the communitys most prominent people.</p><br>
<p>The Ford–Bacon House is located at 45 Vinewood in Wyandotte, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1987</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Edward Ford (also the builder of the George P. MacNichol House across the street) was the son of plate glass pioneer John Baptiste Ford and the founder of the Michigan Alkali Company in Wyandotte and the Ford Plate Glass Company in Toledo, Ohio, (later the Libbey–Owens–Ford Company). In 1897, Ford hired Malcomson & Higginbotham to design this house for himself and his wife Carrie. When Mark Bacon died in 1942, Mary gave the house to the Wyandotte Public School System. The building now serves as the public library.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Ford–Bacon House is a four-story Queen Anne house built from buff-colored brick with red sandstone trim. The house measures 62 feet by 95 feet, sits on four city lots, and contains 27 rooms and 11 fireplaces. A wide porch extends along the front and side of the house, and the hipped roof was originally covered with black slate. A four-story bell tower is located in the rear, and the house features gabled dormers, a two-story side bay, and square brick chimneys.</p><br>
<p>The J.D. Woodruff Cabin Site is the location of the first European-American settlement in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming. John Dwight Woodruff built a cabin on Owl Creek in Hot Springs County in 1871. Woodruff had befriended Chief Washakie of the Shoshone people and gained Washakie&#39;s permission to graze six thousand sheep in the area, one of the first large sheep operations in Wyoming. He ran cattle in the area during the 1880s.</p><br>
<p>The low log cabin was about 12 ft by 20 ft, seven logs high, with an earth-covered roof. The interior featured an earth floor covered with buffalo hides.</p><br>
<p>John Dwight Woodruff was born in Broome County, New York on December 20, 1847. Woodruff is believed to have built the cabin principally as a winter trapping camp and as a base for prospecting in the early summer.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff sold the cabin to Captain R.A. Torrey of the USA Army garrison at Fort Washakie. Along with his brother, Colonel J.L. Torrey, Torrey expanded the operation, creating the Embar Ranch with forty thousand cattle and six thousand horses. The cabin was demolished at some point in the development of the ranch compound.</p><br>
<p>The site is marked by a monument composed of boulders and petrified wood with a tile image and a bronze plaque, giving an erroneous date of 1873 for the establishment of the camp. The monument is in poor condition and is out of place in its setting.</p><br>
<p>The Woodruff Cabin site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Downtown Thermopolis Historic District comprises the central business district of Thermopolis, Wyoming. The district comprises the main street, Broadway, and Fifth Street. The buildings lining the street were built between 1898 and 1923 in styles ranging from adaptations of commercial style to Victorian. The town was planned as a unit in 1896 after the land was acquired from the Shoshone and Arapaho. Broadway, as implied by its name, was built wide enough to accommodate teams of 16 mules or horses.</p><br>
<p>The Downtown Thermopolis Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, with a boundary increase in 2022.</p><br>
<p>The A.V. Quinn House, also known as Pine Gables, was built in Evanston, Wyoming in 1883. The Victorian style house is a largely unaltered representative of the Queen Anne style in Evanston. The house was built for Anthony V. Quinn, a local banker who arrived in Evanston in the 1870s. Quinn became a prosperous landowner and a politician in the Wyoming Territory. His wife, Mattie, was involved in the Women&#39;s Temperance Movement, and is reputed to haunt the house. The house features a prominent two-story oriel window. The front porch was enclosed in the 1930s.</p><br>
<p>Anthony V. Quinn was born in Illinois in 1831, moving to the California gold fields in 1858. Six years later he worked for Sisson and Wallace of San Francisco, moving east with the construction of the Central Pacific Railroad, which did business with Sisson and Wallace. Quinn started a bank for the railroads Chinese laborers. After witnessing the symbolic completion of the Central Pacific at Promontory, Utah, Quinn settled in Evanston in 1870. Quinn and a partner bought out the local Sisson and Wallace operation in 1872 for $35,000 and went on to buy property around Evanston. The Quinns new residence was built in 1880 for $10,000. In 1884 Quinn was elected to the Wyoming Territorial Legislature. Mattie led the local temperance movement and was a board member of the University of Wyoming. Mattie died in 1898. Anthony remarried and continued to live in the house until his death in 1913.</p><br>
<p>The A.V. Quinn House became a bed and breakfast in 1924 and continued in that use into the 1980s. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The Stearns–Wadsworth House is a historic Italianate residence in Bald Mound, Blackberry Township, an unincorporated settlement near Batavia, Illinois. It was built in 1868 for George N. Stearns, a farmer who owned the most land in the township. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>George N. Stearns was born in New York in 1829 and moved to Kane County, Illinois in 1844. Stearns lived in a Batavia hotel for the few years until he had accumulated enough money to purchase a farm. He made this purchase from his parents in 1858. Stearns gradually increased the size of his property, becoming the largest landholder in Blackberry Township in 1868. He decided to build a new house for his large holdings later that year. The surrounding area became known as Bald Mound and featured a post office and schoolhouse.</p><br>
<p>George Stearns died in 1870 and his property was transferred to his widow, Electa M. Stearns. The property remained in family hands until purchased by Edgar D. Wadsworth in 1885. Wadsworth used the property as a creamery. The creamery was converted into a grist mill in 1903, and the house was also used for church services. Wadsworth sold the farm to Andrew Anderson in 1920, whose family used it as a creamery and grain farm. It was then sold to the Alexander family in 1977. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 19, 1982, as an example of a 19th-century residence of a "town that never happened</p><br>
<p>The two-story wood-frame house is in the Italianate style. The north end originally featured a belvedere, but this was removed in 1920. Windows on the north and east ends of the house feature pediments. The main door and its transom are original. The Italianate porches were removed in 1962 and replaced with smaller porches, but a replica was installed in the 1980s. The interior is largely intact. Changes to the interior include modern plumbing, two additional bathrooms on the second floor, and a renovated kitchen.</p><br>
<p>The Emory Place Historic District is a historic district in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located just north of the citys downtown area. The district consists of several commercial, residential, religious, and public buildings that developed around a late nineteenth century train and trolley station. The district includes the Knoxville High School building, St. Johns Lutheran Church, First Christian Church, and some of the few surviving rowhouses in Knoxville. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994, with a boundary increase in 2023.</p><br>
<p>Following railroad construction in the 1850s, Knoxville slowly expanded northward. In 1890, the "Dummy Line," a railroad line connecting Knoxville and Fountain City, was established, with what is now Emory Place as its southern terminus. A farmers market and several small industrial and commercial firms developed adjacent to the train station to take advantage of the influx of customers and transportation advantages. While Emory Place declined with the dismantling of Knoxvilles trolley system in the late 1940s, many of its late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century buildings still stand, and have been restored.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Emory Place Historic District is situated around a triangular-shaped area created by the intersections of Broadway and Central Street on the north, Broadway and Fifth Avenue on the southwest, and Central and Fifth on the southeast. Interstate 40 and the Southern Railway tracks divide the district from downtown Knoxville to the south. The Fourth and Gill neighborhood lies to the north, and Old Gray Cemetery lies opposite Broadway to the west.</p><br>
<p>Emory Place itself is a cross street connecting Central and Broadway. The street was once a wide avenue, much of which has been converted into parking space. Gay Street, downtown Knoxville&#39;s main thoroughfare, traverses the Emory Place Historic District, and terminates at Emory Place.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early history</h3><br>
<p>What is now Emory Place was mostly farmland during the first half of the nineteenth century. In the 1850s, two events took place that led to the development of the Emory Place area. The first was the establishment of Old Gray Cemetery in 1850, which served as a de facto public park, and drew pedestrians to the area. The second event was the construction of the railroad, which reached Knoxville in 1855, pushing the city&#39;s northern limits to what is now the Southern Railway tracks. The Emory Place area was annexed in 1855.</p><br>
<p>On July 20, 1863, at the height of the Civil War, Union General William P. Sanders placed artillery along what is now the section of Fifth Avenue between Broadway and Central, and proceeded to shell Knoxville, which was then held by Confederate forces. Return fire scattered the Union artillery, however, and Sanders was forced to retreat. During the Siege of Knoxville in late 1863, Confederate lines stretched across roughly the same area.</p><br>
<p>After the war, Knoxville continued to expand northward. By 1867, the Knoxville Foundry had been established near what is now the intersection of Broadway and Depot. Farmers from the rural areas north of the city began selling produce out of wagons along what is now Emory Place to Knoxvillians visiting Old Gray Cemetery, and by the late 1880s, Emory Place had become known as "Central Market."</p><br>
<h3>The Dummy Line</h3><br>
<p>In 1890, the Fountain City Railroad, commonly called the "Dummy Line," was built to connect Knoxville to the Fountain Head resort at Fountain City. A depot was built at the corner of Broadway and Emory Place that provided the railroads southern terminus, and the area around the depot began to grow. A large, 33-stall market house was built for the Central Market farmers around the time of the railroads completion. Small industries also sprang up near the depot, among them the Whittle and Spence Trunk Company (1890), the Knoxville Candy Company (1891), and the Walla Walla Gum Company (1896).</p><br>
<p>Many of the new businessmen and residents of Emory Place were the children and grandchildren of Irish and German immigrants, who had come to Knoxville in previous decades to help build the railroads. The citys second Catholic church, the Holy Ghost, sprang up along North Central, and St. Johns Lutheran Church was erected by second-generation German immigrants. At one point during this period, businessmen operating in the Emory Place district included several Irish saloon keepers and an Irish tinner, a Swiss barber, a Jewish tailor, a Jewish drugstore owner, and an African-American shoe maker.</p><br>
<p>"Emory Place" is named for Reverend Isaac Emory (1830&ndash;1904), a New York-born minister who moved to a farm north of Knoxville just after the Civil War, and spent several decades establishing Sunday schools across the state. In 1904, Emory was killed in the New Market train wreck, and a park adjacent to the Central Markethouse was renamed "Emory Park" in his honor. The park remained Knoxville&#39;s only urban park until it was removed in the 1950s and replaced with parking lots.</p><br>
<h3>Twentieth Century</h3><br>
<p>In 1905, the Dummy Line was replaced by an electric trolley, and Emory Place gradually became a residential neighborhood as many of its small industries failed or moved away. Several rowhouses and residential apartments were built along Central and Fifth, among them the Sterchi (now Sterchi Oaks) and the Lucerne. Knoxville High School was built in 1910, its location at the corner of Fifth and Central chosen in part for its proximity to the trolley station at Emory Place.</p><br>
<p>With the dismantling of the trolley system in 1947 and the construction of the Magnolia Expressway (now part of I-40) in 1951, Emory Place began to decline. Car dealerships&mdash; starting with the Worsham-Stockton Motor Company (1922) and the Knoxville Buick Company (1927), both on North Gay&mdash; were the most prominent businesses at Emory Place until the 1970s.</p><br>
<p>Since the 1980s, many of the buildings at Emory Place have been rehabilitated, and several of the old rowhouses and hotels have been converted into condominiums. In 2010, a development group, Emory Place Partners, purchased several Emory Place properties with plans to rehabilitate and restore them for use as office and retail space.</p><br>
<h2>Notable buildings</h2><br>
<p>The Emory Place Historic District consists of 23 contributing buildings and one contributing object (the "Doughboy" statue on the front lawn of the Knoxville High School building). Most of the buildings were constructed in the early 1900s, with the two oldest&ndash; 6-12 Emory Place and 15-17 Emory Place&ndash; completed in 1890. Architectural styles represented in the district include Colonial Revival, Neoclassical, and Richardsonian Romanesque. The St. John&#39;s Lutheran Church, at the corner of Emory Place and Broadway, was listed individually on the National Register in 1985.</p><br>
<h3>Knoxville High School</h3><br>
<p>The Knoxville High School building is a two-story Neoclassical/Beaux-Arts structure completed in 1910. The building was designed by noted Knoxville architect Albert Baumann, Sr., of the firm Baumann Brothers, and later of Baumann and Baumann. Knoxville High School operated out of the building from 1910 until 1951, when it was split into four smaller high schools. The Doughboy Statue on the schools front lawn was erected in 1921 to commemorate Knoxvilles World War I veterans.</p><br>
<h3>First Christian Church</h3><br>
<p>The First Christian Church (211 W. Fifth Ave.), built in 1913, was designed by noted Knoxville architect Charles I. Barber. Barber also designed the church&#39;s adjacent office building and Sunday school building, which were both completed in 1929. The church is home to a Disciples of Christ congregation.</p><br>
<p>The church is a two-story Neoclassical structure with Romanesque influences. The exterior walls consist of brick, with a marble cornice, marble panels in the side walls, and marble panels with angel carvings above the front entrance. The facade is fronted by six marble columns with Doric capitals, supporting a pediment with marble detailing.</p><br>
<p>The churchs Sunday school building is a two-story Romanesque structure with a Spanish tile roof, and an arched entrance flanked by stone pilasters with Corinthian capitals. The churchs educational and office building is a three-story brick structure with a Roman tile roof and arched double doors. The church, Sunday school, and office building surround a central courtyard, and all three buildings are connected by arched passageways.</p><br>
<h3>3 Emory Place</h3><br>
<p>3 Emory Place, now one building, was originally three units built by the Walla Walla Gum Manufacturing Company, which manufactured chewing gum in the early twentieth century. The east bay of the building, originally 1 Emory Place, was a commercial vernacular structure built by Walla Walla circa 1903. The middle bay and west bay (originally 3 and 5 Emory Place) were two-story annexes built by Walla Walla circa 1919 and 1921, respectively. In 2010, the building was restored by the architectural firm, Sanders Pace, and is currently occupied by an office design company, Ivan Allen Workspace.</p><br>
<h3>6-12 Emory Place</h3><br>
<p>6-12 Emory Place, sometimes called the W. F. Green and Company Grocery Store building after an early occupant, is a two-story brick Richardsonian Romanesque structure built in 1890. The building is four bays wide with brick pilasters between each bay. The building&#39;s second story has arched windows with ashlar limestone bases.</p><br>
<h3>15-17 Emory Place</h3><br>
<p>15-17 Emory Place, called the Whittle and Spence Trunk Company building after its first owner, is a two-story Richardsonian Romanesque-style structure built in 1890. The building follows an irregular plan, with the facade of one half of the building facing south, and the facade of the other half facing southeast. The building is currently occupied by an accounting firm, Two Roads.</p><br>
<h3>The Lucerne</h3><br>
<p>The Lucerne (201 West Fifth Avenue) is a three-story brick Neoclassical-style apartment building constructed circa 1925 by furniture store magnate James G. Sterchi. The building has a front portico with stone Corinthian columns, a flat roof with a limestone cornice and parapet, and an ashlar limestone foundation. In its early years, the basement of the Lucerne was home to the Fifth Avenue Tea Room, a popular gathering place among local women. The building is now a condominium operated by Lucerne Condos, Inc.</p><br>
<h3>Sterchi Oaks</h3><br>
<p>Sterchi Oaks (205 West Fifth Avenue) is a three-story brick Neoclassical-style apartment building, also constructed circa 1910 by James G. Sterchi. The building has extended porches and balconies on all three levels. The first-story porch consists of a brick arcade supported by marble piers. The second-story balcony has four Doric columns and a brick balustrade. The third-story balcony has wooden Doric posts and a brick balustrade. The building is now a condominium operated by Lucerne Condos, Inc.</p><br>
<h3>Patterson Cottage</h3><br>
<p>Patterson Cottage (605 King street), also called "L&#39;Hotel" after an early owner, is a two-story brick Neoclassical apartment building constructed circa 1910. A limestone cornice surrounds the top of the building, just above the second floor. The building is now a condominium operated by Lucerne Condos, Inc.</p><br>
<h3>507-509 N. Central Street</h3><br>
<p>507-509 N. Central Street, now called McMillan Place, is a two-story, two-unit, Colonial Revival-style rowhouse built circa 1905. The building has a brick exterior and foundation, and a flat roof and a metal cornice. The front porches are lined with wooden columns with Doric capitals and a sawn wood balustrade.</p><br>
<p>The Putnam County Courthouse is a historic governmental building in downtown Ottawa, Ohio, United States. A two-story building, located at 245 E. Main Street, it was built in 1912 in the Beaux-Arts style of architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Previous courthouses</h2><br>
<p>The present courthouse is the fourth such structure to serve Putnam County. When the county was organized in 1834, the village of Kalida was designated the county seat, An election in 1866 resulted in the seat being moved to Ottawa, and the village paid $15,000 for the erection of a new courthouse.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>Approximately forty years after the construction of the third courthouse, a movement grew for its replacement by a newer structure. After voters supported the construction of a new courthouse in a 1909 election, the county commissioners selected a Columbus architect, he made extensive use of marble, stained glass, and oak wood. The entire structure cost slightly less than $200,000 to complete.</p><br>
<h2>Current usage</h2><br>
<p>Today, the courthouse remains actively used by Putnam Countys governmental officials. Cases in the Common Pleas Court are heard in Putnam Countys main courtroom, located on the building&#39;s third floor. Other offices located in the courthouse include those of the county commissioners, the county auditor, the Clerk of Courts, the county engineer, and the county prosecutor. An annex is located at 336 E. Main Street, one block east of the courthouse.</p><br>
<h2>Recognition</h2><br>
<p>In the early years of the twentieth century, as plans were being laid for the courthouse&#39;s construction, the building committee aimed to erect a structure that would be renowned in the year 2000. Their goal has succeeded: in the years since that time, careful maintenance has prevented deterioration, and no major changes have been made. Today, the courthouse is renowned as an architectural masterpiece; architectural historians have ranked it as the best Beaux-Arts courthouse anywhere in Ohio. The courthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 because of its well preserved historic architecture, which was seen as significant statewide.</p><br>
<p>The Piedmont Charcoal Kilns in Piedmont, Wyoming, are a remnant of a once-extensive charcoal-making industry in southwestern Wyoming. The kilns were built by Moses Byrne around 1869 near the Piedmont Station along the Union Pacific Railroad. The three surviving beehive-shaped kilns were built of local sandstone about 30 ft in circumference and about 30 ft high, with 24 inch walls. A granite marker reads:</p><br>
<p>Moses Byrne settled in Piedmont about 1867. A builder, Byrne had built a number of Pony Express stations and stables. Byrne built five kilns at Piedmont in 1869. Most of Byrne&#39;s charcoal was shipped to the area around Salt Lake City (the Utah Valley) for use in small smelters and blacksmith shops. Two kilns have since been destroyed. Piedmont itself is a ghost town.</p><br>
<p>The Piedmont Charcoal Kilns were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. They are managed by the state of Wyoming as Piedmont Charcoal Kilns State Historic Site.</p><br>
<p>The Mosque of the El Jebel Shrine, which has also been known as the Rocky Mountain Consistory, and as the Scottish Rite Temple is a historic building in the North Capitol Hill neighborhood of downtown Denver. It was for a period known as Sherman Street Event Center</p><br>
<p>The Moorish-inspired building was constructed in 1907, as a meeting hall for the El Jabel chapter of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine (the Shriners). It has never been a true mosque in the Islamic sense. In 1924, having outgrown the building, the Shriners sold it to the Scottish Rite Masons, who renamed it. In 1995, the Scottish Rite sold the building to Eulipions, Inc. who converted it into a catering and events facility.</p><br>
<p>It was known as the Scottish Rite Temple despite the fact that it never served as a Scottish Rite meeting hall.</p><br>
<p>St. Paul&#39;s Episcopal Church in Evanston, Wyoming is a historic parish of the Episcopal Church in the Carpenter Gothic style. The church was built in 1884–1885, and at the time was the only Protestant church in a community dominated by Mormons and Catholics. In its early history it hosted Lutherans, Methodists and Presbyterians in addition to its Episcopalian congregation.</p><br>
<p>The simple plan features a nave entered from a side narthex, with an apse set apart from the nave by a Gothic arch. The windows are pointed arches with quatrefoils. Construction is wood frame with drop or beveled siding. The detailing is principally plain flat material, with some evidence of Stick Style influence.</p><br>
<p>St. Paul&#39;s Episcopal Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The historic Algeria Shrine Temple, now also known as the Helena Civic Center, is a Moorish Revival building in Helena, Montana that was built in 1920. The building served as a meeting hall for the Algeria Shriners and had civic functions. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places  in 1988.</p><br>
<p>The National Register&#39;s database records "Historic subfunctions" that include "meeting hall" for the place. Today, the building has a 1925-seat auditorium and a 15,000 sq. ft. ballroom/exhibition hall. As of 2012, it is owned and operated by the City of Helena and available for banquets, craft shows, dances, weddings, trade shows and conferences.</p><br>
<p>The old Wishek City Hall was a historic building in Wishek, North Dakota. The one-story building was built in 1916 and demolished. This building may or may not have originally been the power plant built by the Krein Brothers in 1916, and likely was sold after the Krien Brothers sold their properties to a predecessor of Montana-Dakota Utilities in 1925. The Wishek City Council decided in April 2010 to sell the building to the Wishek Heritage Society for restoration. However, they later reversed their decision, believing that restoring the building was too much of a task for the new owner. The Historical Society sued the city, and the outcome of the suit is unknown.</p><br>
<p>Bear&#39;s Mill is a historic gristmill near the city of Greenville in Darke County, Ohio, United States. Built in 1849, a local contractor, the mill lies along Greenville Creek in southwestern Adams Township, midway between Greenville and the village of Gettysburg. It was purchased before its completion by Pennsylvanian Gabriel Bear, who completed and opened the mill in 1849. After his locally made millstones proved faulty, Bear travelled to France, where he acquired stones of a type regarded worldwide as of highest quality.</p><br>
<p>The mill is a wooden building with a stone foundation and a metal roof. It remained in continuous operation for well over a century, slowing from full capacity only in the late 1970s when the miller decided to go into partial retirement. Since then, the mill has continued in use: partially as a milling museum, and partially as a gristmill. In 1975, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying because of its architecture and because of its significance in Ohios history. Today, the mill is operated by the Friends of Bears Mill, a non-profit organization dedicated to maintaining and operating the mill as a historic landmark.</p><br>
<p>The Keystone Building in Aurora, Illinois is a building from 1922. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The structure is one of two buildings on Stolp Island designed by George Grant Elmslie, the other one being the Graham Building. In addition, there are three other buildings within Aurora that share the same architect,  making Aurora, Illinois the biggest collection of Elmslie&#39;s commercial buildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Keystone Building is the largest private office building designed by George Grant Elmslie. It also may be the largest office building designed in the Prairie Style. It was planned as the Joseph George & Newhall Building in 1922. The Aurora Silverplate Company had previously occupied the building, but moved out onto another lot. Their old building was partially demolished and Elmslie was tasked with incorporating part of it into a new building. It was Elmslie&#39;s first commission since he split from his business partner William G. Purcell. L. A. Fournier, who had worked with Purcell & Elmslie, was listed as an associate architect. The building was recognized by the National Park Service on its National Register of Historic Places on March 18, 1980. Furthermore, it is a contributing property to the Stolp Island Historic District, listed on September 10, 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Keystone Building is found on Stolp Island in Aurora, Illinois. The four-story building features a ground floor dedicated to individual shops, each with a private entryway. The main (west) facade stretched 165 ft on Stolp Avenue. It is irregularly shaped on its rear facade, as it is on a triangular lot. The north facade is 115 ft long and the south is only 25 ft long. The entry to the main building is found under a patterned terra cotta screen. There are five major bays on the first floor: three north of the entry and two south. The bays are separated by brick piers, as is the entryway. The upper three floors have identical exteriors with double hung windows between brick piers. An ornamental terra cotta cornice caps the building on the main facade. The building is built with brown glazed brick with flecks of iron, which provides some blue and green bits. A terra cotta belt course is found above the first floor. Each of the six piers on the main facade features a decorative terra cotta shield. There are additional shields decorating the cornice. Eight bronze and glass light fixtures above the first floor provide external illumination.</p><br>
<p>Inside the main entrance leads to a lobby with an elevator and staircase. The three upper floors are divided into office suites off of a main corridor. Each floor features a central lobby with access to elevator and stair. A skylight is found above the fourth floor lobby. The floors are polished terrazzo. The remains of the previous building are found in the northeastern quadrant.</p><br>
<p>The Greenville Mausoleum is an Egyptian Revival structure in Greenville, Ohio, United States. Built in 1913, resting on a foundation of granite and covered with a roof of ceramic tiles. Among its most distinctive elements are the marble pillars, topped with capitals of the Doric order, that line the main entrance. The main portion of the interior, built in a basilican style with multiple aisles, contains approximately four hundred concrete and marble crypts, and the building&#39;s wings house individual family crypts. It is lit by twelve clerestory windows under the roofline.</p><br>
<p>Located along West Street adjacent to the cemetery&#39;s main entrance, the mausoleum was the brainchild of local doctor J.P. Collett. He chose a unique design for the structure: no other Egyptian Revival mausolea have been built near Greenville. Most historic cemetery buildings in western Ohio employed other styles of architecture; for example, the mausoleum in Fostoria and the Woodland Cemetery offices in Dayton were built in the Neoclassical and Romanesque Revival styles respectively. In recognition of its distinctive architecture, the mausoleum was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, being the fourth Darke County site to receive this recognition.</p><br>
<p>The ERT Bridge over Blacks Fork near Fort Bridger, Wyoming, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 as part of a thematic study on early 20th century steel truss bridges in Wyoming. The ERT Bridge is a Warren pony truss bridge spanning 80 ft with a width of 15.75 ft. Set on concrete abutments, the ERT Bridge was built around 1920 by Uinta County. It is an example of a transitional design from locally built bridges to standardized State designs</p><br>
<p>The Downtown Evanston Historic District in Evanston, Wyoming includes about sixty buildings in a compact downtown commercial district.</p><br>
<p>The bulk of the buildings in the district were built between 1880 and 1930 as the city grew in stature. Sustained by the railroads, coal and mining, Evanstons central business district reflected the areas prosperity. A later oil boom brought further development.</p><br>
<p>Significant buildings include the city hall, the courthouse-post office, Downs&#39; Opera House and the Strand cinema.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1918 to show motion pictures, vaudeville and other live theatre, the Strand burned down in 2007. It was renovated and reopened as a community events venue in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>Village Creek is a coastal community in the South Norwalk neighborhood of the city of Norwalk, Connecticut which was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 2010. It is also the name of a creek upon which the community is built. Managed and maintained by the VCHOA, residents are entitled to access a private beach, marina and tennis courts.</p><br>
<p>Established in 1949, the neighborhood is historically distinctive for its efforts to maintain a balanced racial composition, a practice enforced by the home owners association, at a time when deed covenants restricting ownership by race and ethnicity were common. The neighborhood was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Academy of Our Lady and Spalding Institute were Catholic high schools across the street from each other in downtown Peoria, Illinois.</p><br>
<p>The Academy (AOL), a girls school, traced its lineage back to 1863. The Spalding Institute (SI), the boys school, was founded in 1899 by the Franciscan Brothers of Mountbellew, Ireland, at the invitation of John Lancaster Spalding, the first Bishop of Peoria. It was one of the communities which left that religious congregation to split off and become part of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis of Penance, based in Rome, Italy.</p><br>
<p>The schools merged into one co-educational school, Academy of Our Lady/Spalding Institute in 1973. AOL/SI (also known as Academy/Spalding) was merged with Bergan High School to form Peoria Notre Dame High School in 1988, and the campus was closed at the end of the 1988&ndash;1989 school year.</p><br>
<p>Father Sweeney School for the Academically Gifted was also housed at the Spalding Institute building until its closure in the early 2000s. Joe Girardi is an alum of both schools, Father Sweeney middle school, and Spalding Institute high school.</p><br>
<p>Buildings on the campus are contributing properties of the North Side Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>Archbishop Fulton J. Sheen (SI, 1913) Venerable Sheen to be beatified; in his bio he recalls it run by the Brothers of Mary.</p><br>
<p>Archbishop Gerald Thomas Bergan (SI)</p><br>
<p>Pete Vonachen (SI)</p><br>
<p>General Wayne A. Downing (SI)</p><br>
<p>Actor Jim Jordan (1913)</p><br>
<p>Actress Marian Driscoll Jordan (AOL 1915)</p><br>
<p>Brigadier General Frank Rezac (SI, 1962)</p><br>
<p>Congressman and USA Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood (SI, 1963)</p><br>
<p>Congressman Darin LaHood (AOL/SI, 1986)</p><br>
<p>USDA chemist Timothy L. Mounts</p><br>
<p>Philadelphia Phillies manager Joe Girardi (AOL/SI)</p><br>
<p>Jim Ardis (SI, 1977)</p><br>
<p>The Polly Rosenbaum Building, formerly the El Zaribah Shrine Auditorium, is a building in Phoenix, Arizona, at the corner of 15th Avenue and Washington Street, that was built in 1921. The 18,000 ft2 building formerly housed the Arizona Mining and Mineral Museum.</p><br>
<p>The building was completed in 1921 as a home for the activities of the El Zariabah Shrine unit, a local Shriners organization that had been formed in 1896. It was designed by architects Lescher & Mahoney and built by Clinton Campbell. It is an Exotic Revival/Moorish Revival style building. The building and its 0.8 acre property were listed on the National Register of Historic Places for the building&#39;s architecture in 1989 as "El Zaribah Shrine Auditorium". It was also listed on the Phoenix Historic Property Register at that time.</p><br>
<p>In 1988 the Shriners began construction of a new building and made plans to vacate the building at 15th and Washington, which was in an area where the state government was establishing a government mall. In late 1989, the Shriners completed their new auditorium building at 552 N. 40th Street, which now bears the name "El Zaribah Shrine Auditorium".</p><br>
<p>After the Shriners relocated, the state government of Arizona acquired their original building to house the museum and offices of the Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources, which moved in in October 1991. The building was renamed the Polly Rosenbaum Building in honor of Polly Rosenbaum, a longtime member of the Arizona House of Representatives who, in collaboration with then-governor Rose Mofford, spearheaded efforts to obtain and renovate the building as a permanent home for the Department&#39;s mineral collection and archives. This is one of two Arizona state government buildings in Phoenix that are named for Rosenbaum; the other is the Polly Rosenbaum State Archives and History Building, located at 19th and Madison and completed in 2008.</p><br>
<p>In February 2010, Governor Jan Brewer announced that the Arizona Mining and Mineral Museum would become the Arizona Centennial Museum for the state&#39;s 2012 centennial celebration. The building was to be transferred from the Arizona Dept of Mines and Mineral Resources to the Centennial Commission then subsequently to the Arizona Historical Society. The mining museum was abruptly closed on May 1, 2011, but funding for the proposed museum did not materialize. In 2012 the building was closed and empty.</p><br>
<p>There were later plans in association with the University of Arizona for the building to be developed as an Arizona Mining, Mineral and Natural Resources Education Museum.</p><br>
<p>The Heritage, formerly known as the Journal Record Building, Law Journal Record Building, Masonic Temple and the India Temple Shrine Building, is a Neoclassical building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. It was completed in 1923 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It was damaged in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. It houses the Oklahoma City National Memorial Museum in the western 1/3 of the building and The Heritage, a class A alternative office space, in the remaining portion of the building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The India Temple Shrine Building was constructed in 1923 by the various Masonic Lodges of Oklahoma, City. The first Masonic Lodge was charted in Oklahoma City in 1890, less than one year after Oklahoma&#39;s land rush of 1889. By 1919, the number of lodges in the capital city had increased to 16. With an expanding membership and bulging treasury, the 16 Masonic Lodges of Oklahoma City voted to pool their resources for a grand temple large enough to host every lodge. They hired the prominent local architectural firm of Layton, Hicks and Forsyth to design their building. Construction of the India Temple Shrine Building was started in October 1922 and completed the following year at a cost of $1.3 million.</p><br>
<p>Financial conditions during the Great Depression forced the Masons to vacate the India Temple Shrine Building less than 10 years after it opened. It sat empty until December 1945, when it was sold at auction to Joe D. Morris, president and founder of the Home State Life Insurance Company. Morris paid $201,000 for the building, which he converted into office space.</p><br>
<p>The building was sold for a second time in December 1977 to Dan Hogan, owner of the Law Journal Record Publishing Company and underwent additional interior renovations in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The building received significant damage in the Oklahoma City bombing of April 19, 1995, which destroyed the nearby Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building. Twenty blocks of downtown OKC had to be cordoned off due to the bomb&#39;s extent. The building was fully occupied at the time of the bombing and received extensive damage. The roof was blown off, several floors collapsed and glass permeated the entire structure. Fortunately, there were no fatalities, although there were several critical injuries. After the bombing, the building was purchased by the City of Oklahoma City using federal disaster funds and a major effort was undertaken to save the structure. It sat vacant for five years with the interior exposed to the elements as a result of roof damage and broken windows. The publishing plant at the west end of the building (a non-historic addition) was removed.</p><br>
<p>In 2000, the western 1/3 of the building was restored and became the home of the Oklahoma City National Memorial Museum, an affiliate of the National Park Service and the National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism.</p><br>
<p>The rest and majority of the building remained largely vacant for over 20 years until Heritage Trust Company purchased it in 2015 for $4.255 million. Now known as The Heritage, the building underwent a $30 million redevelopment and is now a Class A alternative office space.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and decor</h2><br>
<p>The building is a six-story Neoclassical structure measuring 260 ft by 140 ft. Similar to other Masonic templates, the exterior was to have a classical design, with Ionic columns and capitals adorning the front. Combined with massive cut-stone construction, the design gave the temple a solid and ageless appearance. The building was constructed of limestone on the North and East sides and red brick on the South and West sides. The top three levels on the east side feature recessed windows, Ionic engage columns, capitals and a projecting cornice. The North face of the building also was divided into two distinct horizontal zones but without the Ionic columns.</p><br>
<p>The interior was just as ornate. Rooms and halls were decorated in various styles, from Egyptian and Greek to Roman and Byzantine. Entering the new Masonic Temple from Robinson, visitors found a spacious lobby with access to the secretarial offices of the Masonic Orders housed there. A wide corridor led directly to the Shrine Auditorium, the original centerpiece of the building. The Shrine Auditorium had 2,062 seats, a 44 ft by 80 ft stage, 2,400 lights, and a pipe organ with 3,000 pipes that cost $30,000. It was described as the second largest auditorium in the American West.</p><br>
<p>By 1947, most of the ornamentation was gone as a result of the remodeling directed by Morris, but the auditorium was retained for use as a theater and cinema. The theatre was successful at first, but its finances declined, and in 1952 the auditorium was gutted and the space was converted to office use.</p><br>
<p>In 2015, renovations of the remaining portion of the building took place. Many of the temples original marble and features were kept, including the floor in the lobby and the stone steps leading into the buildings east side. Marble stored in the basement by the city following the bombing was found and is now the backdrop to framed art in the lobby. Beyond the ground floor renovations and restoration, the biggest change to the building&#39;s appearance was to the top of the building. A glass box was added to create a new sixth floor which includes a 750-square-foot rooftop terrace with accordion-style glass doors. An internal staircase leading from the fifth to the sixth floor and skylights made the fifth floor, originally an attic, more usable.</p><br>
<p>The Shriner–Ketcham House, also known as Lang House, is a private house located at 327 Shriner Street in Hastings, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1996 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Local dairy owner and farmer William Shriner and his wife Harriet purchased the land this house sits on in 1866. In 1868, he constructed this house, and extensively enlarged it in 1885. After his death, the Shriner estate sold the house and the surrounding five acres to John C. Ketcham and his wife Cora Ellen for the sum of $1,600.</p><br>
<p>At the time, John C. Ketcham was the Barry County School Commissioner, and he went on to become a six-term US Congressman from 1920 to 1932. While owning the house, Ketcham added a rear kitchen and installed a bathroom. Cora Ellen Ketcham died while Ketcham was serving in Congress, and he remarried in 1924. Ketcham continued to live in this house until his death in 1941.</p><br>
<p>In 1950, the house was purchased by Ed Caulkins, who did some substantial remodeling. The house has passed through a series of owners, and it is currently a private home.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Shriner–Ketcham House is a two-story brick Italianate structure with a low hip roof on a coursed, cut granite foundation. The windows are tall and narrow with arched heads. An early 20th century porch stretches across the front and a single story early 20th century addition is connected to the rear. It is one of only three brick Italianate houses in Hastings.</p><br>
<p>On the interior, the first floor contains a living room with fireplace, a den, modern kitchen, dining are, and a laundry room. A large hallway opens onto a side porch. On the second floor are three bedrooms and a bath entered from a center hall.</p><br>
<p>The Shriners Hospital for Crippled Children, also known as Old Shriners Childrens Hospital, was a historic building in Portland, Oregon, United States, built in 1923. It was designed in Colonial Revival style with aspects of the Georgian Revival style subtype. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989, The hospital now known as Shriners Childrens Portland moved to Marquam Hill in 1983, and the old site remained vacant until 2005 when it was demolished and an affordable living apartment complex, Columbia Knoll, was built on the site.</p><br>
<p>The Nathaniel Wheeler Memorial Fountain is located in Bridgeport, Connecticut at the intersection of Fairfield and Park avenues. The fountain was built in 1912–1913 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1985.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The fountain was erected in 1912–1913 as the gift of Nathaniel Wheeler&#39;s children to the city in memory of their father. Wheeler was a principal in Wheeler & Wilson, an early manufacturer of sewing machines. In addition to moving his factory to Bridgeport in 1856, Wheeler had been active in many city affairs, including plans to beautify the city.</p><br>
<p>The fountain was a mid-career work of American sculptor Gutzon Borglum. This was the first of a small number of commissions given to him in Bridgeport. The baby held by the mermaid is modeled on his son Lincoln, who was reportedly baptized in the fountain.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>The fountain underwent a $199,000 restoration in 2009–2010, in which vehicular damage was repaired and the flow of water was restored to the fountain among other refurbishments.</p><br>
